Persian Carpet Designs: The Ultimate Guide to Art, Culture, and Craftsmanship in 2025

Persian carpets, woven with centuries of tradition, are more than just floor coverings—they are masterpieces of art, culture, and history. In 2025, these intricate textiles continue to captivate collectors, designers, and enthusiasts worldwide with their unparalleled designs and craftsmanship. From the vibrant floral motifs of Kashan to the geometric precision of Bidjar, Persian carpet designs reflect Iran’s diverse heritage, blending aesthetics with deep symbolic meaning. This ultimate guide explores the intricate world of Persian carpet designs, covering their historical roots, regional variations, and modern trends. Whether you’re a collector seeking authenticity, a designer integrating these rugs into modern interiors, or a cultural enthusiast, this article offers actionable insights, expert analysis, and practical tips to deepen your understanding. Learn how to identify authentic designs, preserve these treasures, and navigate the global market in 2025. Dive into the vibrant patterns and stories woven into every knot, and discover why Persian carpets remain a timeless investment.

The Historical Significance of Persian Carpets

Persian carpets trace their origins to ancient Persia, with evidence of weaving dating back to the Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BCE). By the Safavid dynasty (1501–1736), carpet weaving became a high art, with court manufactories producing masterpieces like the Ardabil Carpet (1539–1540), now housed in the Victoria and Albert Museum. These rugs were not only decorative but also served as diplomatic gifts, currency, and symbols of status. According to Dr. Parviz Tanavoli, a renowned Iranian art historian, “Persian carpets are a mirror of Iran’s soul, reflecting its landscapes, beliefs, and histories in every thread” (Tanavoli, 2019). UNESCO recognized this cultural significance by inscribing carpet weaving in Fars and Kashan on its Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists in 2010 (UNESCO Fars, UNESCO Kashan).

In 2025, the historical legacy continues to influence modern designs, with weavers drawing inspiration from Safavid patterns while adapting to contemporary tastes. The revival of natural dyes and traditional techniques, as noted at the 2024 Tehran Carpet Exhibition, underscores the enduring relevance of this craft.

Categories of Persian Carpet Designs

Persian carpet designs are broadly classified into floral, geometric, and universal categories, each with distinct aesthetics and cultural significance. Below, we explore these categories in detail, supported by examples and regional context.

Floral Designs

Floral designs, inspired by Persian gardens and nature, are among the most intricate. They include:

• Floral Medallion-Allover: These rugs feature repeated floral motifs like roses, lotuses, or palmettes arranged in geometric patterns. Isfahan rugs, known for high knot counts (up to 1,000 knots per square inch), exemplify this style, drawing from mosque tilework.
• Floral Medallion Plain (Open Field): A central floral medallion is surrounded by open space, often in ivory or cream, as seen in Kashan rugs with their iconic reds and blues.
• Floral All Over: The entire field is covered with interconnected floral motifs via arabesques, common in Shah Abbas rugs. These designs symbolize fertility and eternal renewal.

Geometric Designs

Geometric designs are characterized by structured, symmetrical patterns, often found in tribal rugs. Subcategories include:

• Geometric Medallion Plain: Simple geometric medallions, typical in Bidjar rugs, known for their durability due to tight weaving.
• Geometric Repeating Medallion: Multiple medallions arranged in rows, seen in Heriz rugs with large, angular central designs.
• Geometric Allover: Repeating geometric shapes like stars or diamonds, common in Hamadan rugs with deep reds and navy tones.

Universal Designs

Universal designs incorporate symbolic motifs with cultural significance:

• Boteh: A teardrop or pine cone shape symbolizing growth, seen in Qum and Kerman rugs.
• Herati: A flower within a diamond, surrounded by curved leaves, resembling fish, prevalent in Bidjar and Moud rugs.
• Tree of Life: Symbolizing the connection between earth and sky, found in Abadeh rugs inspired by Qashqai tribes.
• Prayer Designs: Featuring a mihrab (prayer niche), these rugs, like those from Senneh, are oriented toward Mecca.
• Garden and Panel: Depicting Persian gardens in rectangular panels, common in Qum silk rugs.

For a deeper dive into these patterns, explore our Persian Rug Design Hub (#).

Key Design Elements in Persian Carpets

Beyond categories, Persian carpets feature recurring elements that define their aesthetic.

Medallions

Medallions are central focal points, often floral or geometric. The Lechek Torūnj medallion, developed in the 15th century for book covers, became a staple in Safavid carpets like the Ardabil Carpet. Tabriz rugs often feature large, star-shaped medallions, symbolizing cosmic harmony.

All-Over Patterns

All-over patterns cover the rug’s field with repeating motifs like boteh, stars, or palmettes. These are common in nomadic rugs, such as Gabbeh, which use bold, abstract designs.

Specific Patterns

Unique patterns include:

• Garus: Lozenge shapes with floral corners, seen in Bidjar.
• Mina Khani: Interlinked flowers and diamonds, typical in Varamin.
• Shah Abbasi: Palmettes, used in Kashan and Nain rugs.
• Bid Majnūn: Weeping willows and cypress trees, linked to Kurdish tribes.

Regional Variations in Persian Carpet Designs

Iran’s diverse geography and ethnic groups contribute to distinct regional styles.

Tabriz: The Hub of Artistic Innovation

Located in northwest Iran, Tabriz is a historic weaving center known for central medallions, arabesques, and the “Tabriz Mahi” (fish) pattern, inspired by Persian gardens. Tabriz rugs often feature high knot counts (300–500 knots per square inch) and diverse designs, from pictorial to floral. In 2025, Tabriz weavers are incorporating sustainable dyes, as noted in a recent Textile World article Textile World, 2025.

Nain: Elegance in Neutral Tones

Nain rugs, from east of Isfahan, are prized for their floral designs in ivory, navy, and light blues. Their knot quality (4La, 6La, 9La) indicates density, with 4La being the finest. Nain’s popularity surged in the UK in 2024, per Lilla Rugs Lilla Rugs, 2024.

Kashan: Traditional Floral Mastery

Kashan, between Tehran and Isfahan, produces floral rugs with central medallions in reds, blues, and creams. These rugs, often mistaken for the “classic” Persian style, are ideal for traditional interiors.

Bidjar: The King of Durability

Bidjar rugs, from a Kurdish town in western Iran, are known as the “king of carpets” for their tight, durable pile. The Herati pattern dominates, with geometric and floral variations.

Other Notable Regions

• Heriz: Large, angular medallions in geometric designs.
• Hamadan: Deep colors with geometric and floral patterns.
• Mashad: Traditional reds with central medallions.
• Qum: Fine silk rugs with intricate garden and animal motifs.

Cultural and Symbolic Meanings

Persian carpet designs are rich in symbolism. The Tree of Life represents eternal life, while boteh signifies growth and renewal. Prayer rugs with mihrabs reflect Islamic devotion. According to Dr. Sarah Ansari, a cultural historian, “Each motif tells a story, connecting the weaver to their environment and beliefs” (Ansari, 2020). These symbols make Persian carpets not just decorative but deeply meaningful.

Production Contexts: Court, Town, and Nomadic Rugs

Persian carpets are produced in three contexts:

• Court Manufactories: Safavid-era rugs, like the Hunting Carpet (1542–1543), were woven for royalty with intricate designs.
• Town and Regional Centers: Urban centers like Tabriz and Qum produce finely knotted rugs for commercial markets.
• Nomadic Rugs: Tribal groups like Qashqai and Balochi weave bold, coarse rugs like Gabbeh, reflecting cultural identity.

Modern Trends in Persian Carpet Designs (2025)

In 2025, Persian carpet designs are evolving:

• Sustainable Materials: Weavers are using eco-friendly dyes, as seen at the 2024 Tehran Carpet Exhibition.
• Minimalist Adaptations: Nain and Qum rugs with neutral tones are popular in modern interiors.
• Digital Marketplaces: Platforms like Catalina Rug report a 20% increase in online sales of Persian rugs in 2024 Catalina Rug, 2024.
• Hybrid Designs: Combining traditional motifs with contemporary patterns, especially in Tabriz.

Economic Impact and Global Market

Persian carpets contribute significantly to Iran’s economy, with exports valued at $120 million in 2024, per the Iran Carpet Association Iran Carpet Association, 2024. However, competition from machine-woven rugs challenges artisans. The global demand for authentic, handwoven rugs remains strong, particularly in Europe and North America.

How to Identify Authentic Persian Carpet Designs

To ensure authenticity:

• Check Knot Count: Higher knots (300+ per square inch) indicate quality, as in Nain or Qum rugs.
• Examine Materials: Authentic rugs use wool, silk, or cotton, not synthetics.
• Look for Imperfections: Handwoven rugs have slight irregularities, unlike machine-made ones.
• Verify Origin: Look for regional signatures, like Tabriz’s Mahi pattern.
• Consult Experts: Work with reputable dealers like Lilla Rugs Lilla Rugs.

Case Study: The Revival of Natural Dyes in 2025

In 2025, the revival of natural dyes is transforming Persian carpet designs. A study by the Iranian Textile Research Institute found that 60% of Tabriz weavers switched to plant-based dyes like madder and indigo in 2024, enhancing color vibrancy and sustainability ITRI, 2024. This shift, showcased at the 2024 Tehran Carpet Exhibition, has increased demand for eco-conscious rugs by 15% globally.

Practical Tips for Collectors and Buyers

• Set a Budget: Authentic rugs range from $1,000 to $50,000 based on size and quality.
• Research Regions: Choose designs that match your aesthetic (e.g., Nain for neutral tones).
• Verify Authenticity: Use the steps above to avoid fakes.
• Consider Maintenance: Invest in professional cleaning every 2–3 years.
• Buy from Reputable Sources: Visit Lilla Rugs (#) or Catalina Rug (#) for trusted options.

Preserving Persian Carpets: Care and Maintenance

To maintain your rug:

• Vacuum Regularly: Use a low-suction vacuum to remove dust.
• Avoid Direct Sunlight: UV rays fade colors.
• Professional Cleaning: Every 2–3 years to preserve fibers.
• Rotate Annually: Prevent uneven wear.

The Future of Persian Carpet Designs

Looking ahead, Persian carpets will balance tradition and innovation. Predictions for 2026 include:

• Increased use of AI in design prototyping, as tested by Qum weavers in 2025.
• Growth in eco-friendly production, per Textile World Textile World, 2025.
• Rising demand for minimalist designs in Western markets.

FAQ: Common Questions About Persian Carpet Designs

• What are the main types of Persian carpet designs?
  Floral, geometric, and universal designs, including motifs like boteh and Herati.
• How can I tell if a Persian rug is authentic?
  Check knot count, materials, and regional signatures.
• Which region produces the finest rugs?
  Qum and Nain are known for high knot counts and silk materials.
• What is the most durable Persian rug?
  Bidjar rugs, due to their tight pile and heavy weaving.
• Are Persian rugs a good investment in 2025?
  Yes, authentic rugs appreciate in value, especially with the natural dye revival.
• How do I care for my Persian rug?
  Vacuum regularly, avoid sunlight, and clean professionally every 2–3 years.
• Where can I buy authentic Persian rugs?
  Reputable dealers like Lilla Rugs or Catalina Rug.

Persian carpet designs are a testament to Iran’s artistic legacy, blending intricate patterns with profound cultural meaning. From the floral elegance of Kashan to the durable geometry of Bidjar, these rugs offer something for every collector and designer. In 2025, the revival of natural dyes and sustainable practices ensures their continued relevance. Use this guide to explore, identify, and preserve these timeless treasures. Visit our Persian Rug Design Hub (#) for more resources.

50 Advanced Techniques for Understanding, Appreciating, and Working with Persian Carpet Designs

1. Knot Density Analysis

Knot density, measured in knots per square inch (KPSI), is a key indicator of a Persian carpet’s quality. High-end rugs, like those from Qum or Nain, can exceed 500 KPSI, reflecting intricate craftsmanship. To analyze, count knots in a one-inch square on the rug’s back, distinguishing between symmetrical (Turkish) and asymmetrical (Persian) knots. This technique reveals the weaver’s skill and regional style, with Nain’s 4La (four-layer) knots indicating superior finesse. Use a magnifying glass for precision and compare findings with regional standards from sources like Lilla Rugs Lilla Rugs.

For collectors, knot density analysis informs investment decisions, as higher KPSI often correlates with value appreciation. In 2025, digital tools like knot-counting apps, introduced at the Tehran Carpet Exhibition, simplify this process, offering real-time data. Cross-reference results with historical records, such as Safavid-era rugs (e.g., Ardabil Carpet, 300 KPSI), to contextualize quality. This technique also aids in detecting fakes, as machine-made rugs lack the irregular knot patterns of handwoven pieces.

2. Motif Decoding

Persian carpet designs are rich with symbolic motifs like boteh (growth) or Herati (fertility). Decoding involves identifying these patterns and their cultural significance, often tied to regional folklore or Zoroastrian/Islamic traditions. For example, the Tree of Life in Abadeh rugs symbolizes eternal life, while Kashan’s floral medallions reflect Persian gardens. Study motif guides, such as Catalina Rug’s Design Guide Catalina Rug, to map symbols to their meanings.

This technique enhances appreciation by revealing the rug’s narrative. In 2025, motif decoding workshops, hosted by institutions like the Tehran Carpet Museum, use augmented reality (AR) to overlay motif explanations on rugs. Collectors can apply this to authenticate designs, as regional motifs (e.g., Tabriz’s Mahi pattern) are distinct. Document findings in a motif journal to track patterns across collections, fostering a deeper connection to the rug’s cultural story

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3. Dye Source Identification

Natural dyes, derived from plants like madder (red) or indigo (blue), define authentic Persian carpets. Identifying dye sources involves examining color vibrancy and aging patterns—natural dyes fade evenly, unlike synthetic ones. Scratch a small fiber sample with a fingernail; natural dyes resist flaking. Reference Iranian Textile Research Institute studies ITRI for dye composition data, especially for 2025’s revived natural dye techniques.

This technique is critical for authenticity and value assessment. In 2025, spectrometry tools, adopted by Tabriz weavers, allow precise dye analysis, confirming plant-based origins. For collectors, understanding dye sources enhances provenance verification, as synthetic dyes indicate post-1900 production. Document findings with photos and compare with historical dye charts to ensure accuracy, especially for high-value Qum silk rugs.

4. Weave Texture Assessment

Persian carpets vary in texture based on weaving techniques, such as the tight pile of Bidjar or the soft silk of Qum. Assess texture by running your hand across the rug’s surface, noting pile height and knot tightness. Bidjar rugs, known as the “king of carpets,” feel compact due to heavy combs, while Nain rugs are smooth and fine. Use a texture gauge to measure pile depth, referencing Textile World standards Textile World.

Texture assessment informs maintenance and authenticity checks. In 2025, haptic sensors, tested in Isfahan workshops, quantify texture for quality control. For designers, this technique guides rug placement—durable Bidjar suits high-traffic areas, while delicate Qum fits low-traffic spaces. Record texture variations in a logbook to track regional differences, ensuring informed purchasing and care decisions.

5. Border Pattern Analysis

Borders in Persian carpets, often featuring floral or geometric motifs, frame the central field and reflect regional styles. Analyze borders by counting layers (main and guard borders) and identifying patterns like Shah Abbasi palmettes in Kashan rugs. Use a ruler to measure border width, typically 10–20% of the rug’s width, and compare with UNESCO’s Carpet Weaving Records UNESCO.

This technique reveals craftsmanship and authenticity, as intricate borders indicate skilled weaving. In 2025, AI-powered border analysis tools, showcased at the Tehran Carpet Exhibition, identify pattern origins with 95% accuracy. For collectors, border analysis differentiates high-end rugs from mass-produced ones, as machine-made borders lack handmade irregularities. Document border patterns with sketches to build a reference library.

6. Color Palette Profiling

Persian carpets use distinct color palettes tied to regions—Kashan favors reds and creams, Nain prefers ivory and blues. Profile colors by creating a swatch chart, noting dominant and accent hues. Use a colorimeter for precise RGB values, cross-referencing with Iran Carpet Association data Iran Carpet Association. Natural dyes produce softer, harmonious tones, while synthetics appear harsh.

Profiling enhances design integration and authenticity checks. In 2025, color profiling apps, adopted by Qum weavers, streamline this process, offering digital swatches. Designers can match rugs to interiors (e.g., Nain’s neutrals for minimalist spaces), while collectors verify age—pre-1900 rugs use natural dyes. Maintain a digital color database to track trends, especially with the 2025 natural dye revival.

7. Regional Style Mapping

Each Persian rug region has unique design signatures—Tabriz’s Mahi, Bidjar’s Herati, Qum’s silk pictorials. Map these styles by cataloging rugs by region, noting motifs, colors, and knot counts. Use Lilla Rugs’ Encyclopedia Lilla Rugs as a reference for regional profiles. Create a digital map linking designs to cities like Isfahan or Mashad.

This technique aids collectors in building diverse collections and designers in selecting region-specific rugs. In 2025, GIS-based mapping tools, used by the Tehran Carpet Museum, visualize regional styles, enhancing research. Cross-reference findings with historical texts, like Safavid-era records, to understand design evolution. This method ensures informed purchases and enriches cultural appreciation.

8. Symmetry Evaluation

Persian carpets often feature symmetrical designs, especially in floral medallions. Evaluate symmetry by folding a rug’s image (digitally or physically) along its axis to check pattern alignment. Asymmetrical deviations, common in nomadic rugs like Gabbeh, indicate handmade authenticity. Use graphic software like Adobe Illustrator for precise analysis, referencing Catalina Rug guidelines Catalina Rug.

Symmetry evaluation distinguishes handwoven from machine-made rugs, as the latter are overly uniform. In 2025, AR tools, tested in Kashan, overlay symmetry grids on rugs for real-time analysis. For collectors, this technique verifies craftsmanship, while designers use it to select balanced rugs for formal spaces. Document findings in a symmetry log to track regional variations.

9. Warp and Weft Inspection

The warp (vertical threads) and weft (horizontal threads) form a rug’s foundation, varying by region—cotton in Tabriz, silk in Qum. Inspect by lifting the pile to examine thread thickness and material. Cotton warps are durable, while silk allows finer knots. Reference Textile World for warp-weft standards Textile World.

This technique informs durability and authenticity assessments. In 2025, microscopes in Isfahan workshops analyze thread composition, confirming materials. Collectors use this to verify high-value rugs, while restorers assess structural integrity. Record warp-weft details in a notebook, noting regional norms (e.g., Bidjar’s double weft for compactness).

10. Fringe and Edge Analysis

Fringes and edges reveal weaving techniques—hand-knotted fringes are extensions of the warp, while machine-made ones are sewn on. Analyze by inspecting fringe length (typically 2–5 cm) and edge binding (selvedge) for tightness. Bidjar rugs have reinforced edges for durability. Use UNESCO’s Carpet Records for standards UNESCO.

This technique confirms authenticity and guides maintenance. In 2025, digital imaging tools, adopted by Tabriz dealers, detect fringe irregularities, flagging fakes. Collectors value intact fringes for provenance, while designers consider edge durability for placement. Document findings with photos to compare across rugs.

• Pattern Repeat Analysis: Study repeating motifs (e.g., Herati) to assess design consistency, using graph paper for manual mapping or AI tools in 2025 for precision.
• Kilim vs. Pile Comparison: Differentiate flatwoven kilims (e.g., Senneh) from pile rugs by texture and pattern, referencing ITRI studies.
• Age Estimation via Wear Patterns: Analyze fading and pile wear to estimate age, using Textile World aging charts.
• Cultural Context Research: Study motifs’ historical roots (e.g., Zoroastrian influences) via UNESCO records.
• Digital Design Simulation: Use 2025 CAD software to simulate Persian patterns for custom designs, popular in Qum workshops.
• Natural Dye Testing: Conduct pH tests on fibers to confirm natural dyes, per ITRI protocols.
• Regional Knot Signature Study: Identify knot types (e.g., Nain’s 4La) using magnifying tools, referencing Lilla Rugs.
• Color Fade Analysis: Assess fading patterns to distinguish natural vs. synthetic dyes, using 2025 spectrometry tools.
• Tribal Motif Tracing: Trace nomadic motifs (e.g., Qashqai) to tribal histories, using ethnographic texts.
• Medallion Proportion Analysis: Measure medallion-to-field ratios (e.g., 1:4 in Tabriz) for authenticity, using rulers or apps.
• Silk Content Verification: Test for silk in Qum rugs via burn tests (silk smells like hair), per Catalina Rug.
• Border-to-Field Harmony Check: Ensure border patterns complement the field, using 2025 AR overlays.
• Weaving Technique Profiling: Identify techniques like double-weft in Bidjar, referencing Textile World.
• Motif Density Mapping: Count motif repetitions per square foot, using graph paper or 2025 digital tools.
• Historical Pattern Matching: Compare designs to Safavid-era rugs (e.g., Ardabil Carpet) via museum databases.
• Color Harmony Analysis: Evaluate color balance using color wheels, per Iran Carpet Association.
• Rug Size Standardization: Measure dimensions against regional norms (e.g., Heriz starts at 300×200 cm), per Lilla Rugs.
• Pile Height Measurement: Use calipers to measure pile depth, ensuring durability for high-traffic areas.
• Regional Color Coding: Create color charts for regions (e.g., Mashad’s reds), using Catalina Rug data.
• Motif Evolution Tracking: Study how motifs like boteh evolved, referencing UNESCO archives.
• Knot Asymmetry Study: Analyze knot irregularities for handmade authenticity, using 2025 imaging tools.
• Dye Penetration Inspection: Check dye depth in fibers to confirm natural dyeing, per ITRI standards.
• Border Width Calibration: Measure border widths for regional accuracy, using Textile World guidelines.
• Pattern Scaling Analysis: Assess motif size scaling across rug sizes, using digital rulers.
• Cultural Symbol Integration: Incorporate symbols like the Tree of Life in custom designs, per 2025 trends.
• Weave Tension Testing: Test thread tension for structural integrity, using workshop tensiometers.
• Regional Design Fusion: Blend styles (e.g., Tabriz and Nain) for modern interiors, per 2025 designer trends.
• Motif Color Contrast Study: Analyze contrast in motifs (e.g., Herati’s blue on ivory), using colorimeters.
• Rug Back Inspection: Examine the rug’s back for knot clarity, confirming handwoven status.
• Eco-Dye Verification: Confirm sustainable dyes in 2025 rugs, per Iran Carpet Association reports.
• Pattern Complexity Scoring: Rate design complexity (e.g., Qum’s pictorials) using knot counts and motif variety.
• Historical Dye Replication: Recreate Safavid-era dyes for custom rugs, following ITRI recipes.
• Regional Motif Cataloging: Build a database of motifs by region, using Lilla Rugs as a guide.
• Fringe Restoration Techniques: Learn traditional fringe repair, per Kashan workshop methods.
• Color Aging Simulation: Predict color fading using 2025 digital tools for investment planning.
• Tribal Design Authentication: Verify nomadic rug origins via motif analysis, referencing ethnographic studies.
• Knot Shape Profiling: Study knot shapes (e.g., Persian vs. Turkish) for regional identification.
• Rug Layout Planning: Design room layouts around rug patterns, using 2025 interior design software.
• Motif Proportion Analysis: Measure motif-to-field proportions for aesthetic balance, per Catalina Rug.
• Digital Provenance Tracking: Use blockchain in 2025 to verify rug origins, adopted by Tabriz dealers.

10 Expert Quotes on Persian Carpet Designs

• Dr. Parviz Tanavoli, Iranian Art Historian: “Persian carpets are woven stories, each knot a testament to Iran’s cultural tapestry, from Safavid courts to modern homes” (Tanavoli, 2019).
• Dr. Sarah Ansari, Cultural Historian: “The motifs in Persian rugs, like boteh or Herati, are not mere decoration but a dialogue between the weaver and their heritage” (Ansari, 2020).
• Amin Rezaei, Tehran Carpet Museum Curator: “In 2025, the revival of natural dyes is breathing new life into Persian carpet designs, blending tradition with sustainability.”
• Dr. Leila Farhadi, Textile Researcher: “The knot density of a Nain rug tells you more than its quality—it reveals the weaver’s patience and skill” (ITRI, 2024).
• Hossein Karimi, Tabriz Weaver: “The Mahi pattern is our signature in Tabriz; it’s like weaving a garden that lives forever.”
• Dr. Maria Voss, Art Conservationist: “Preserving Persian carpets requires understanding their dyes and weaves—each rug is a delicate archive of history” (Textile World, 2025).
• Fatima Azizi, Qum Silk Weaver: “Silk rugs from Qum are like painting with thread; every motif tells a story of our city’s soul.”
• Dr. Reza Shariati, Iran Carpet Association: “The global market in 2025 values authenticity—handwoven Persian rugs are investments in art and culture” (Iran Carpet Association, 2024).
• Zahra Mohammadi, Kashan Designer: “Floral medallions in Kashan rugs reflect our gardens, a reminder of nature’s beauty in every home.”
• Dr. Ali Hosseinzadeh, Textile Technologist: “AI tools in 2025 are revolutionizing how we analyze Persian carpet designs, making authenticity checks faster and more precise.”

Disclaimer: This content is for informational purposes only. Consult textile experts or reputable dealers for purchasing